Leishmaniasis cuta ce mai saurin yaduwa lalacewa ta hanyar nau'in kwayar halitta na jinsi Leishmania, wanda zai iya lalata fatar kare mu kuma a lokaci guda ƙwayoyin mucous, kyallen takarda da gabobin da ke da alhakin ci gaban ƙwayoyin jini, kamar ɓarke, baƙin ciki da hanta.
Wannan cutar daukar kwayar cutar ta hanyar sauro kamuwa da cutar da ke ciyar da jini kuma an san shi da sunayen Phlebotomus da Lutzomya.
Alamomin cutar leishmaniasis
Alamomin cutar leishmaniasis suna da saurin canzawa kuma ya danganta da nau'in cutar leishmania da kewaya, na iya zama mara kyau kuma a wasu mawuyacin yanayi.
Ire-iren leishmaniasis
Akwai nau'ikan leishmaniasis da yawa a cikin karnuka, duk da haka akwai bambance-bambancen karatu guda uku waɗanda zamu iya ɗauka azaman manyan:
- A visceral: Shine mafi tsananin duka kuma yana iya mutuwa a mafi yawan lokuta.
- Mai cutane: shi yafi kowa yawa, yana samar da ulce kuma yana barin wasu tabo da ake gani sosai.
- La yankewa: yana lalata ƙwayoyin mucous na hanci, maƙogwaro da baki.
Tsarin cututtukan fata na gargajiya
Wannan ita ce hanyar da aka fi dacewa kuma ita ce lokacin da sauro mai cutar da ke cizon wani ɓangare na jikin kare mu, da farko wani nau'i na rash na siffofin Yana fara girma kuma idan makonni biyu zuwa hudu suka wuce ƙarami mara daɗi mara zafi ya bayyana, inda bayan ɓarna ya fito, a wannan ɓangaren wani miki ya bayyana tare da zagaye zagaye kuma tare da bangon hoda mai tsabta, yana da kamanceceniya da ramin dutsen mai fitad da wuta.
Wannan miki yana iya zama guda ɗaya kuma a wasu lokuta ma yana da yawa. Mafi sau da yawa lymph nodes suna shafar, wannan na iya haifar mana da hotunan lymphangitis da lymphadenitis.
A farkon watanni na ci gaba, wannan cutar ta ulcer zata yi girma ne gwargwadon kariyar mai gidanta da kuma nau'in cutar leishmania da ke dauke da cutar.
Wannan cututtukan na iya haɓaka cikin sauri, wanda ke haifar da kusan kwatsam ko kuma akasin haka. na iya zama mawuyacin hali. Lokacin da miki ya warke, a kowane yanayi zai bar tabo tare da lalacewar jiki wanda sau da yawa har ma yakan iya zama mai hankali.
Mucocutaneous ko spishious leishmaniasis
Este nau'in leishmaniasis Zai iya bayyana watanni har ma da shekaru bayan dabbar da aka lalata.
A wannan yanayin, ƙwayoyin cuta suna yaɗuwa ta hanyoyin lymhatic da jini ta cikin raunin fata na baya wanda ya rigaya ya warke, ya kutsa cikin ƙwayoyin mucous na hanci da yankin pharynx. Wannan nau'in leishmaniasis yana da wuya kuma yawanci yakan faru ne lokacin da akwai rashin daidaito na tsarin jiki ko na ilimin lissafi sannan kuma saboda wasu larurar kai tsaye zuwa yankin hanci ko baki.
Cututtukan Mucosal suna farawa ne a matakin septum na hanci, na iya zama na kullum kuma a lokaci guda yana yaduwa cikin sauri kuma yana iya ramewa kuma haifar da lalacewar da ba za a iya sakewarsa ba ga septum, palate, makoshi da nasopharynx, wanda hakan ke haifar da matsaloli masu girma ga kare mu hadiye ko magana kuma a mafi yawan lokuta tsananin mutuwa, wani abu da yake saboda fungal na biyu ko rikitarwa na kwayan cuta.
Wannan nau'in leishmaniasis baya warkewa kwatsam. Rauni na iya wucewa tsawon shekaru idan ba a kula da shi ba, kuma idan kamuwa da cutar ta kumbura, kare da abin ya shafa yakan buƙaci aikin tiyata.
Yada cututtukan cututtukan fata
Wannan wani nau'i ne mai matukar ban mamaki na wannan cuta, ana nuna shi da rashin amsar rigakafi a cikin rundunar, cell-sulhu tsakani m.
Wannan yana haifar da cewa suna haifuwa ta hanyar da ba a sarrafa su, haifar da adadi mai yawa na papules ya bayyana, nodules ko plaques warwatse ko'ina cikin ilahirin jikin mutum.
Ci gaban wannan nau'in na leishmaniasis a cikin karnuka Sannu a hankali kuma baya warkewa kwatsam, dabbobin da ke fama da wannan cutar suna daɗa yin muni bayan sun yi amfani da maganin.
Visishral leishmaniosis
An kuma san shi da sunan Kala-Azar. Babban kwayoyin da ke daukar nauyin wannan nau'in leishmaniasis shine kare na gida kuma lokacin da ba'a gano shi ba ko magance shi cikin lokaci yawan mutuwarsu ya tashi sosai.
Bayan lokacin shiryawa na kimanin watanni biyu zuwa hudu bayan cizon yashi mai cutar, alamomin wannan cutar sun fara bayyana halin gabatar da zazzabi mai tsananin gaske, wanda zai iya farawa ta hanyar turawa ko kuma tsaka-tsaka, wanda zai iya daukar makonni da yawa, sannan ya zama mai dagewa sosai kuma a lokaci guda yana tare da ci gaba da lalacewar yanayin lafiyar karen mara lafiya kuma saboda ƙwayoyin , hanta, kashin kashi da lymph node suna shafar.
Karnukan da ke fama da wannan cutar suna nuna ci gaba na rashin nauyi har sai sun kai wani rashin abinci mai gina jiki. Hakanan, bayyanar wurare masu rauni ko girman jini da manyan nodules a saman fatar ya zama gama gari.
Jiyya na leishmaniasis a cikin karnuka
Maganin da ake amfani da shi a zaɓin farko na kowane nau'i na leishmaniasis yana tare da antimonials mai pentavalent, wanda akwai gabatarwa guda biyu, meglumine antimoniate, wanda ya ƙunshi 85 mg na Sbv molecule a kowace ml da sodium stibogluconate, tare da 100 mg na shi, magungunan da ke aiki ta hanyar tsoma baki tare da bioenergetics na parasite.
A gefe guda, tsakanin zabi na biyu idan kwayar cutar ta sabawa juriya ga antimonials na pentavalent zamu iya samun wadannan:
Amphotericin, wanda ne mai matukar polyene antifungal aiki wanda ake amfani dashi akan leishmaniasis kuma ana gudanar dashi ta hanji. Amfani da shi yana da iyakancewa tunda yana haifar da matsaloli masu haɗari.
Pentamidine isothionate, wannan kasancewar magani mai kamshi wanda aka samo daga diamidine. Ya fi guba fiye da amphotericin B da antimonials mai pentavalent.
Paramomycin sulfate, maganin aminoglycoside ne wanda gudanar intramuscularly wanda ke hana hadewar furotin kuma hakan yana canza shakar membrane din kwayoyin cutar.
Miltefosine, wanda godiya ga tsarin aikin sa yana ba da izinin hana amfani da kwayar halitta daga cikin m. Ana sarrafa shi da baki sannan kuma yana haifar da jiri, gudawa, amai da ciwon ciki.
Rarraba leishmaniasis a Spain
Ana samun aƙalla nau'ikan yashi guda huɗu a tsibirin Iberian da kuma cikin tsibirin Balearic an bayyana shi da kasancewa mai yawan gashi, kawai 'yan milimita cikin girma da launin rawaya.