Uluntu belusoloko luneemvakalelo ezahlukileyo kuye ingcukaKwelinye icala, uyawancoma amandla akhe, unyamezelo, isantya kunye nethuku lokusinda, kodwa kwelinye icala, wenza into engenakwenzeka yokuphelisa umhlaba, embeka emngciphekweni wokuphela.
Nangona amanyathelo olondolozo lwenziwa namhlanje, into ebuhlungu kukuba esi silwanyana sihle sinokuba neengxaki ezinkulu ukusinda kule nkulungwane.
Injani ingcuka?
Umlinganiswa wethu ophambili, ogama lakhe lezenzululwazi ngu ICanis lupus, sisilwanyana esitya ezinye, oko kukuthi, sizingela ezinye izilwanyana ukuze sitye. Bahlala kumaqela osapho emahlathini, ezintabeni, kwiitundras, kwii-taiga, nakwimimandla enengca eMntla Melika, e-Eurasia, nakuMbindi Mpuma, apho babebaninzi ngaphambili.
Iphawulwa ngokuba nobukhulu obungahluka phakathi kwama-32 nama-70kg, kunye nama-60 nama-90cm ukuphakama kuxhomekeke kudidi.Eyona incinci iyingcuka yaseArabhiya: imazi inokuba nobunzima obuyi-10kg kuphela. Ilinganisa phakathi kwe-1,3 kunye ne-2 yeemitha ukusuka empumlweni ukuya kwincam yomsila, emalunga nekota yobude bomzimba uphela.
Yenziwe kwaye iphile: umzimba wayo unemisipha kunye neembaleki, Iyakwazi ukufikelela kwisantya ukuya kuthi ga kwi-65km / h ekuleqeni. Inesifuba esincinci kunye nemilenze eyomeleleyo evumela ukuba ibaleke nge-10km / h.
Phakathi kweminwe inembumba encinci evumela ukuba ihambe ngaphandle kokwenza ingxolo eninzi, ngoko ke isondela kakhulu kwixhoba layo ingeva. Imilenze yayo yangasemva mide, kwaye imilenze yangaphambili inenzwane yesihlanu yobhontsi. Iinzipho zimnyama ngombala, azirhoxiseki.
Idyasi yenziwe ngamanqanaba amabini: eyokuqala igxotha amanzi kunye nokungcola, kwaye eyesibini yingubo yangaphantsi eshinyeneyo ekhusela emanzini kwaye iyigcine igqunyiwe.. Oku kuba kuninzi kakhulu ngasekupheleni kwentwasahlobo okanye ekuqaleni kwehlobo, kungoko isilwanyana sikhuhla kakhulu kwimithi, ematyeni nakwezinye izinto ukukhuthaza ukulahleka kweenwele, ezinokuba ngwevu, mhlophe, bomvu, mdaka, mnyama, okanye zixutywe nabanye.
Uhlala njani?
Ingcuka ihlala nosapho lwayo, kwimingxunya eziyifumana kwindawo yazo yendalo. Okondla, zizingele izilwanyana imini nobusuku, rhoqo kumaqela. Ixhoba laso liqhele ukuba ziimpuku, kodwa liyakwazi nokubambisa izilwanyana ezikhulu, ezinje ngeehagu, iigusha, amaxhama, amaxhama, amahashe, ielik, inyathi okanye ii-yaks. Ngenxa yoku, ibikhona kwaye iyaqhubeka iyeyona canid itshutshiswa kakhulu ngabantu.
Bafikelela kwinqanaba lokuvuthwa ngokwesondo malunga neminyaka emithathu ubudala, kulapho banyanzeliswa ukuba bashiye usukelo losapho kwaye benze usapho lwabo. Nje ukuba afumane iqabane, kwiintsuku ezingama-63 uyakuba namantshontsho alo okuqala amane okanye amathandathu. Ezi ezincinci ziya kuhlala emngxunyeni kude kube ziiveki ezintlanu ubudala kunye nonina. Emva kwelo xesha, bekhatshwa ngabazali babo, baya kushiya indawo yabo yokukhangela ukutya, ngelixa abo babathandayo bebakhathalele kwaye babafundisa.
Xa amathole efikelela iinyanga ezimbini, aya kuqala ukutshintsha umbala woboya bawo, asuke kumnyama aye kuhlobo lwawo. Kule minyaka yobudala baya kusiwa kwindawo ekhuselekileyo apho abantu abadala banokuzingela benoxolo lwengqondo lokuba abantwana baya kulunga. Emva kweeveki ezimbalwa, baya kuba ngabokuqala ukutya ukulunywa lixhoba.
Kwiinyanga ezisibhozo, baya kuqala ukuthatha inxaxheba ekuzingeleni. Nangona kunjalo, izinga lokufa liphezulu kakhulu: Bangazingelwa libhere elimdaka, ibhere elimnyama, icoyote, impungutye, icougar okanye ezinye iingcuka, kunye nabantu.
Yintoni ukuhanjiswa kwengcuka?
Kulo mfanekiso ungabona apho ihlala khona ingcuka (eluhlaza) nalapho iphele khona (ebomvu). Kwixesha elidlulileyo yayisesinye sezilwanyana ezanyisayo eziphumeleleyo, kodwa ngenxa yokutshatyalaliswa kwendawo yokuhlala nokuzingela, abantu bayo bafumana ukuncipha okukhulu. Ukususela ngo-1982 ukuya ku-1994, yayiqukwe kuluhlu lwezilwanyana ezisemngciphekweni we-International Union yoLondolozo lweNdalo (IUCN).
Ngethamsanqa Ngombulelo kwiinkqubo zokufuya kunye nokwenziwa kwakhona kwamakholoni, ngo-1996 i-IUCN yehlisa ubungozi beli silwanyana, isiba yinto encinci. Okwangoku, asinakhohliswa: nangona imeko iphucukile, kwezinye iindawo isembi kakhulu, njengaseSpain.
Imeko yengcuka yaseIberia
Umfanekiso - Elpais.es
Ingcuka yase-Iberia isoyikiswa kakhulu kwi-Iberia. Ngo-1970, kuqikelelwa ukuba ngabantu abangama-400 okanye abangama-500 abaseleyo. Kude kube ngulo nyaka yayigqalwa njengesibetho ekufuneka sisuswe ngandlela zonke; nkqu norhulumente wahlawula umvuzo wokumbona efile. Namhlanje kusabekwa imigibe, engekho mthethweni, kodwa umthetho usavumela ukuzingela.
Nangona kunjalo Isimo sengqondo saseSpain malunga nesi silwanyana siyatshintshaEnkosi ngaphezulu kwayo yonke into kumkhuseli omkhulu wendalo waseSpain, uFélix Rodríguez de la Fuente (1928-1980), ofumene imbeko nothando lwezigidi zabantu baseSpain ngothotho lweempepha zakhe "El Hombre y la Tierra".
Ngaphezulu kwesiqingatha sabemi beengcuka ezingama-2900 35 zaseIberia eziqikelelwa ukuba zikhona zihlala emantla eCastilla y León, kwaye zingaphantsi kwama-XNUMX% eGalicia. Abanye abantu baseSierra Morena (Jaén naseCuenca). Ngaphandle kwengozi, kancinci kancinci bayachacha: Baqala ukubonwa eTeruel naseGuadalajara, ukuze bangaphinde bathathwe njengezilwanyana ezisengozini.
Kutheni itshutshiswa nje?
Kude kube ngo-1988, iingcuka zaseIberia zazizingela malunga namahashe ali-1200 namaesile, kwaye malunga neenkomo neegusha ezingama-450, ezimele ilahleko yee-euro ezingama-720.000.. La manani ngokucacileyo aphezulu namhlanje. Abalimi bacaphuke kakhulu ngabo, kodwa ndicinga ukuba kufuneka kuthathelwe ingqalelo ukuba benza kuphela into ekufuneka beyenzile, into elawulwa lithuku labo.
Abantu bahlasela umhlaba wezilwanyana ebeziphila ixesha elide kunathi.. Kufuneka sazi ukuba asibhetele kunabo bonke, kwaye asikho mbi. Sisinye nje isilwanyana esinye, esinye isiqwenga sephazili esikhulu esibubomi eMhlabeni.
Xa sikwazi oku, ke iingcuka kunye nezinye izilwanyana ziya kuba nakho ukuphefumla lula. Okwangoku, izilwanyana ezinamandla, ezo umntu angakwaziyo ukuzikhusela ngazo ngaphandle kwezixhobo, ezinjengengwe yaseAsia, ingonyama yaseAfrika, ingcuka yaseSpain okanye ukrebe, zisengozini.
Ukugqiba, sikushiya le vidiyo ngengxolo emnandi yengcuka. Siyathemba ukuba iividiyo ezinje ziya kuqhubeka nokwenziwa ... rhoqo.