Ndisayikhumbula indlela ekwikholeji yam yabefundisi, uNkosazana Agustina, utitshala wam webanga lesi-2 le-EGB, wasicacisela kutheni izinja zingafuni njengabantu, kwaye kungenxa yokuba babengenawo umoya, kwaye nangona babekwizidalwa zikaThixo, babezizidalwa ezingaphantsi ... kukho izifundo ezingqinayo.
Ngalo mzuzu bendingazi ukuba ndimphendule ndithini. Namhlanje ndikuzisela eli nqaku njengempendulo kum, kwaye ke, ndifuna ukwabelana nawe ngalo. Ndikushiya nongeno: Ngubani othi izinja azinazimvakalelo?
Kunzima kakhulu (phantse akunakwenzeka) kumniniinja, ukuba isilwanyana sakhe asinazimvakalelo okanye mvakalelo. Nabani na onenja uya kukuxelela, ukuba inja yakhe Kufuneka uthethe kuphela ukuze ube ngumntu. Nangona kunjalo, kusekho inxenye yoluntu lwenzululwazi lwamazwe aphesheya enyanzelisa umba. Apho la mazwi avela khona kwaye yeyiphi injongo abaya kuba yiyo, ngumxholo endihlala kuwo namhlanje.
Masiqale iinjini ...
Iimvakalelo kunye neemvakalelo kwizinja zethu
Kunzima kakhulu ukubanga ukuba izinja azinazimvakaleloNangona kunjalo, kangangeenkulungwane, uluntu lwenzululwazi lwamazwe aphesheya luye lwabuza ukubanakho, kungekuphela izinja, kodwa zonke izilwanyana, ukuba zivuye kakhulu njengokuziva nokutolika iimvakalelo zabo kwinqanaba lokuqonda. Akuveli ngoku.
Oososayensi kunye nabaphandi bayo yonke imigca kudala babamba ithiyori yokuba izinja zazingenazimvakalelo okanye iimvakalelo. Iidescartes, umzekelo, zathi izinja ukuba zazingoomatshini bokuphefumlaUMachina Animata othe), kwaye namhlanje kukho zonke iintlobo zeethiyori malunga nokuba zenziwa njani akunakwenzeka ukuba inja izive okanye yonwabe.
Ugqirha wezilwanyana kunye noNjingalwazi weSayensi yeZilwanyana UFred Metzger, unengcamango yakhe ethile malunga noku:
Izinja abaziva iimvakalelo zabo njengathi. Abathandi njengathi. Into eyenziwa yinja lutyalo-mali ebantwini, ukuphuhlisa zonke iintlobo zokuziphatha okusebenzela ukufumana uthando okanye ukutya. Ngale ndlela, okukhona isilwanyana sithamba ngakumbi kwaye sinemvakalelo, kokukhona siya kufumana ingqalelo. Inja kungekudala ibalisa ukuba okukhona uthando lukwazi ukuvusa, kokukhona uya kuba mkhulu umvuzo wakhe, kwaye yile nto ayenzayo, elingisa uthando.
Ndiyakholelwa ukuba ukuba siyishiya inja ixeshana nabanye abamelwane, kwaye banikezela ngembuyekezo efanayo, inja iya kubathanda kungekudala njengabanini bayo.
Mna ngokwam, ngaphambi kwesi sibhengezo UNjingalwazi weSayensi yeZilwanyana, Kufuneka ndimangaliswe. Nangona kunjalo kude nokudideka ngoku kunye nolwam uluvo kwithiyori kaGqirha Metzger, ndiza kuqhubeka kwaye kamva, Ndizakuzama ukuveza uluvo lwam malunga nento ayithethileyo, nangento awayeka ukuyithetha.
Ngoku, okwangoku ndifuna ukubuza imibuzo embalwa engonwabisiyo:
Kucacile ukuba namhlanje, imeko eqhelekileyo ayikokuphanda ukuba kutheni izinja zingenazimvakalelo, kodwa zichasene. Unxibelelwano phakathi kwezinja nabantu kunye nesifundo sabo lufunyanwa kwizifundo ezinqamlezileyo zoluntu lwezenzululwazi lwamazwe aphesheya, apho kungekuphela nje i-ethologists, oogqirha bezilwanyana kunye nootitshala abafunda izinja kunye nobukrelekrele babo beemvakalelo, kodwa kunye neengcali ze-neurologists, zebhayoloji kunye nakwabezentlalo. Bonke bazama uku bonisa ukuba izinja ziyavuya kwaye ziziva. Ngokudibeneyo, bajonge iindlela ezintsha zokwenza olu dibaniso lube lolubalulekileyo kangangokuba sinezinja zomelele, zityebile kwaye zinethuku, ukuba ngeendlela ezintsha zisenze sisebenzise ngcono iipropathi ezinkulu eziziswa lolu nxibelelwano ebantwini, nazo zonke izicelo ezinokubakho. inayo.
Ewe, ukuba kunjalo, ngubani owenza isifundo ukungqina okuchaseneyo? Ngubani ochitha imali engqina ukuba izinja azinazimvakalelo? Ngubani onomdla? njengoko amaRoma athi: UCui Bono?
Kwaye kulapho ubumnyama balo mbandela buqala khona.
Ngubani ozuzayo?
Ndiqala ngokwamkela ukuba khange ndifune ukungena nzulu kulo mbandela, kuba kubuhlungu kum, ukubona amanqaku kunye nokufunda malunga nolingelo lwezilwanyana, nangona kunjalo ndenze umzamo wokuba ndinyaniseke kangangoko kwaye nantsi ndizishiya izigqibo zam . Ndifunga ukuba ndisemncinci Ndiyayithiya yonke into enxulumene nokuvavanywa kwezilwanyana Kwaye njengoko esi sihloko sisenzo sokuhanahanisa kwinqanaba lentlalontle, nangona kunjalo, ndiza kugxila kwimizamo yam ekwaziseni kangangoko. Kwaye kukuba umxholo unemvuthuluka.
Ewe ewe, kangangeenkulungwane, abantu bazamile izilwanyana. Inkqubela phambili yethu kwezonyango yakhelwe kwizigidi zezidumbu zezilwanyana, ukusuka kwiigundane ukuya kumahashe. Kwaye oko bekuhlala kuyishishini elihle.
Namhlanje, zininzi iinkampani ezithengisa izilwanyana ngenjongo yokulinga yenzululwazi. Ezi nkampani bezikade ziseMelika, nangona kunjalo kumashumi eminyaka akutshanje, iinkampani ezahlukeneyo zivuliwe ezinikezelwe ekukhuliseni izilwanyana kuvavanyo lwezonyango. Oku kuthetha ukuba, umzekelo, iinkampani ezinje nge Noveprim, ezinikele ekukhuliseni iinkawu kulingo, kwaye enohlobo lwazo lweenkawu kulingo olubhaliswe kwilungelo lokushicilela, yakhe indawo yokuzalela eCamarles, eTarragona, apho ziya kubonelela iinkampani eYurophu. Le nkampani ithenge isiqingatha sezabelo zayo yenye inkampani kweli candelo, ICANDELO, elizinikele ekunikezeleni iinkonzo kwiinkampani zesayensi kunye nezamayeza, nangona umxhasi wayo ophambili inguMkhosi wase-US.
Kwaye eSpain?
E-Spain, ikwazama izilwanyana. IYunivesithi yaseComplutense yaseMadrid inomndilili wezifundo ezingama-50 kulingo, lonke uhlobo lweBeagle, luhlobo olo oluqhele ukusetyenziselwa oku. Ezi zinja zithengiswa ziinkampani zamanye amazwe ezinikele kwiinkonzo zophando lwezenzululwazi, ezinje ngeHarlan Iberica, iCharles River okanye iB & K Universal. Ezi nkampani zithengisa ubomi bezinto eziphilayo, kwaye zifumana imali eninzi ngazo. Ixabiso leBeagle lokuzama ngalo lijikeleze i-euro ezingama-1000 500. Ixabiso leBeagle, kuye nawuphi na umntu, onomnombo wokuzalwa, alinakugqitha kwi-XNUMX eu. Njengoko ubona, ngumahluko okhoyo.
Nangona amaxesha amaninzi singayazi loo nto, Iimveliso ezininzi esizisebenzisayo mihla le, ziyavavanywa kwizilwanyana. Izinto zokuthambisa, iziyobisi, ukutya, izinto ezintsha, kunye nokunye okude, kuvavanywa ngaphambili kunye nabahlobo bethu be-canine (kunye nezinye izilwanyana, nantsi le amanani asemthethweni ezilwanyana ezisetyenziswa eSpain), Kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwabo kufikelela kwamanye amacandelo, asuka kwiDyunivesithi, apho asetyenziselwa ukuvavanywa ngabafundi kumasebe anje ngeMedicine okanye i-Veterinary Medicine, okanye ngeenjongo zomkhosi, oko kukuthi andikhethi ukuphawula ngempilo yam yeemvakalelo.
Ezi ntlobo zeenkampani, zijolise kumkhankaso wazo wentengiso, zijolise kwindlela abafuna ukuba sizibone ngayo iinkampani zabo, kumashumi eminyaka eyadlulayo, ekuboniseni Izifundo zesayensi zesiphumo esithandabuzekayo, zokuba izilwanyana azivangaBabengenazo neemvakalelo. Oku kwenze kwalula kubo ukuba bamkelwe luluntu, nto leyo eyenze kwalula kubo ukuba bakhule njengenkampani. Akululanga ukufumana abatyali mali ukuba bacinga ngomsebenzi wakho ukuba ungumbulali wezilwanyana. Kulula ukuyiqonda loo nto.
Ngesi sizathu, olu hlobo lwenkampani luhlala lunikezela icandelo elikhulu kuhlahlo-lwabiwo mali lwentengiso zama ukwamkelwa ngcono phakathi kwezimvo zoluntu, kwaye ngenxa yesi sizathu, elinye lamalinge akhe okuqala yayikukuzama ukubonisa ukuba izilwanyana zazingenazimvakalelo okanye iimvakalelo ezifana nezabantu. Nangona oko kubizwa ngokuba yi-Emotional Intelligence, kwakungafundwanga njengokuba kunjalo namhlanje, ilinge lokuqala loomatshini beshishini kwezi nkampani yayikukuqhawula ubudlelwane abantu abanabo, ngokweemvakalelo nezilwanyana, ngakumbi izinja. Indlela yakhe yokuzama ukusika iqhina yayikukufunda, ethi, ngethiyori ezinje ngezoNjingalwazi uMetzger, ibonise ukuba izinja azisokoli njengabantu, kwaye lonto ibenze ukuba babe zizifundo ezifanelekileyo zovavanyo. Njengoko ndikuxelela.
Nangona kunjalo, loo ngcamango ayizange ibambe hayi kwaphela phambi kwabathandi bezilwanyana, kwaye olo thando sinalo ngezinja zethu, kukhokelele kwizifundo ezininzi zesayensi, kunye neziphumo eziqinisekisiweyo nezithembekileyo, ezisixelela ngenye indlela.
Zenze ntoni iinkampani kwicandelo zama ukunciphisa ifuthe elibi Yintoni eyenzayo ishishini lakho kumfanekiso womdibaniso emehlweni oluntu ngokubanzi? Ewe, yenza le nto ndiyibonayo njengophapha phambili. Nangona kunjalo, ngokunikwa iindlela ezikhoyo kweli candelo loshishino, kunokuba kuhle ukuba zibahambele kakuhle. Kwaye makhe ndichaze.
Apho ivela khona yonke into
Xa ndizama ukucacisa lo mbandela kancinane, kwaye ndibone ukuba ziphi izifundo ezixhasa ukungabikho kweemvakalelo kwizilwanyana ezivela khona, ndiye ndafumana uthungelwano olupheleleyo lwemibutho, iinkampani kunye namaqela enkxaso kuvavanyo lwezilwanyana. Njengoko ufunda abahlobo bam.
La maziko, Khusela isidingo sokulinga izilwanyana kwaye bazisa amagama anje ngeBioethics okanye iZentlalontle yezilwanyana, kwaye basixelela ngeenkqubo ezikhuselekileyo kunye nemigaqo esisiseko enjengee-3R's (Faka endaweni yezilwanyana) Cwenga iindlela ezisetyenziselwa ukwandisa intlalontle yezilwanyana), ukuze kuqinisekiswe umsebenzi wabo, kwaye ke onwabele amathuba afanayo nezinye iinkampani.
Kule nto bayisebenzisile eyomanyano ngamandla, kunye nokusebenzisana kweenkampani ezikwicandelo, xa zikhangela Iifomula zentengiso ezenza umfanekiso wabo ombi zitshitshiseInkulu kakhulu kwaye yomelele, kwaye ingaphaya kokubonakalayo kwimibutho eyahlukeneyo nakwimibutho yoluntu kwihlabathi jikelele enje nge:
- Umbutho kaZwelonke woPhando lwezoBomi (US)
- Uvavanyo lwe-Itali (IT)
- Ukuqonda uPhando lweZilwanyana (UK)
- Ukuthetha ngoPhando
- Umbutho weSibhengezo saseBasel (Swizalend)
- Iqela elisebenzisanayo nelokucinga kunye nokunxibelelana kwakhona IGIRCOR (FR)
- Ukunyanzelwa kolwazi ngeDierproeven (NL)
- AmaMelika ngenkqubela phambili kwezonyango (US)
- Uvavanyo lwe-Deutschland (UKUSUKA)
Kukwakho nenye Imibutho yezwekazi, njengomzekelo I-EARA(Umbutho woPhando lweZilwanyana waseYurophu) oxhaswa ngemali ngako konke oku kungentla, ethi yona ixhaswe ziinkampani ezibonelela ngeenkonzo kwiinkampani zophando. Masibeke iqhosha njengesampulu:
El IMFIHLO yiyo Umbutho waseSpain weSayensi yeLebhu yeZilwanyana, Olu luhlobo lweSpanish lwamaqela akhankanywe apha ngasentla. Lo mbutho uxhaswa ngemali ziinkampani ezinje:
Ngaba ukhona owaziyo amagama amabini okugqibela?
Ndiza kuqhubeka nokwenza izigqibo kamva.
Ezi nkampani kunye nabanye abaninzi baxhasa ngezimali i Umbutho waseSpain weSayensi yeLebhu yeZilwanyanange iminikelo emnandi, kwaye ngokubuyisela, eli qumrhu, likhuthaza izibonelelo kuluntu kunye Isidingo sovavanyo lwezilwanyana ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kunye neendlela ezinokubakho. Umzekelo, ukunika uqeqesho ngohlobo lwezifundo, iisemina neenkomfa, apho iiNjingalwazi zeDyunivesithi, oGqirha kunye nabaLawuli bamaZiko kunye neMibutho yezeNzululwazi bethatha inxaxheba njengezithethi, zona zona, zihlala zingabaxhasi abaphambili kwezi nkampani. Kwaye masingalibali ukuba zonke ezi nkampani zineenkxaso zikarhulumente nezaseYurophu kwiR & D.
Ke ngoko, izithethi zolu hlobo lweziganeko, eziququzelelwe yi-SECLA, banesivumelwano ngqo, ngezikhundla zakhe ezahlukeneyo zobuchwephesha, kunye neenkampani ezimxhasa ngezimali.
Ngaba omnye umntu unuka kakubi?
Kukho into enukayo ebolileyo eDenmark
Ngale ngcaphuno evela kwiHamlet, Ndijolise kuthotho lwezimvo zam, ukuba ndifuna ukwabelana nawe, kwaye ndiyathemba ukuba uya kusinceda baqonde ubungakanani besi sihloko.
Ngamanye amagama, amasebe eiyunivesithi ezahlukeneyo kunye namaziko enzululwazi eli lizwe, Bathenga izilwanyana ngenjongo yokulinga kwiinkampani ezahlukeneyo zeli candelo, uninzi lwazo zizizwe ngezizwe, ezixhasa ngezemali imibutho yezenzululwazi kunye nemibutho efana ne-SECLA ikhuthaza isidingo sokuqhubeka nokuzama kwaye ethetha ngemibono efana ne-bioethics kunye nentlalontle yezilwanyana kwizilwanyana zaselebhu, kwaye ikhuthaza uthotho lwemigaqo yokunceda izilwanyana kwizilwanyana, kwaye enika uqeqesho, ngezifundo, izifundo, iintlanganiso kunye neenkongolo, apho izithethi eziphambili zingabalawuli, oonjingalwazi , oogqirha nezazinzulu zamasebe ezi zinto sele zikhankanyiwe.
Ukuba ayikrokreli, ubuncinci inomdla. Ngokukodwa xa ezo Yunivesithi kunye namaziko, Bathenga izinja zeBeagle ngokomndilili we-1000 euros isilwanyana ngasinye. Ndiyazi ukuba umntu uza kuzama ukundicacisela ukuba ezi zinja zilungelelaniswe ngokwemfuza, kwaye zizohlobo olukhethekileyo olungenazifo kunye neziphene, nangona kunjalo, ndiyaphinda ... i-1000 euros ye-Beagle ...
Kwindawo elungileyo yokuqandusela, enye iyafana UDecasla, engabizi kakhulu kuba ihlangabezana nayo yonke imigaqo enokwenzeka, kwaye inamava engama-20, Inja yeBeagle ene-Pedigree, inexabiso lama-euro angama-400. Ndicinga ukuba yioooooooda umahluko.
Kwaye nantsi indlela esebenza ngayo eSpain. E-US, iinkampani ngqo ngezemali Amasebe aseyunivesithi abonelela ngezifundo kunye nophando mali kwizazinzulu nakubalawuli bamaziko enzululwazi nemibutho
Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho oGqirha bezilwanyana kunye nooNjingalwazi kwiNzululwazi yezilwanyana, baphuhlisa zonke iintlobo ze Iithiyori kunye nezifundo ezinceda amashishini eenkampani eziza kuthi ekugqibeleni zizixhase. Kwaye andifuni ukubonisa ukuba uFred uphi, kutheni kubi ukubonisa uFred, kungenjalo ...
Ukuphelisa ithiyori kaFred
Ukugxila ngokuthe ngqo kwithiyori kaFred Metzger yendoda endala, umphandi, uprofesa kunye nogqirha wezilwanyana kwiYunivesithi yasePennsylvania, ngokoluvo lwam, umtya wobubhanxa uthe umntu ekufanele ukuba uyazi ukuba uthetha ngantoni, kukho inxenye, inxenye yengxelo yengcinga yakhe, apho abeka khona umzekelo osebenzayo ukongeza ukuthembeka, eyona nto imangalisayo kukuba ingcali iyitsho ngokuqhubeka kwayo.
Ngokwenene, Ndiye ndazikhulula kakhulu. Ndiyitsho ngokucacileyo kwaye ndiyazichaza. Umdala uGqirha Metzger isixelela:
"Ndicinga ukuba xa siyishiya inja ixeshana nabanye abamelwane, kwaye bayinika umvuzo ofanayo, inja iya kubathanda kungekudala njengabanini bayo"
Izinja zizilwanyana zentlalo. Benza ubudlelwane bemvakalelo kunye nabantu abahlala nabo abanobudlelwane obulungileyo (kunye nabo bangenabo), kuba ngaphakathi komhlambi, kubalulekile ukuba nobudlelwane, kwaye oku kuhlala kusekwe kwizizathu ezifanayo kunye neenjongo. Ukulandela umzekelo kaFred omdala, ukuba siyishiya inja yethu kummelwane okwexeshana, kwaye ayinike amabhaso kunye nembuyekezo, uya kuba nolwalamano olusenyongweni nalo mmelwane, nangona engazukukwenza oko ngokutshintsha ubudlelwane ebenabo nathi entsha.Uya kuba nolwalamano olutsha kunye nomnye umntu, ekungafuneki ukuba ufane nale unayo.
Izinja zizilwanyana ezinemvakalelo kunye neemvakalelo, hayi oomatshini abavelisa uthotho lokuziphatha xa bejamelene nesikhuthazi. Kuqhelekile ukuba inja enye ikhule ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuziphatha xa ijongene nenkuthazo efanayo, evela kubantu abohlukeneyo. Oku kungenxa yokuba inja iyaziqhelanisa neemeko kwaye itshintshe ngendlela efanayo neyabantu, ngeemvakalelo neemvakalelo. Kwaye ndibeka umzekelo olula.
Ukuba inja enye ikhutshelwe esitratweni ngabantu abaliqela, inja iya kuba nokuziphatha okungafaniyo nomntu ngamnye, kuxhomekeke kubuntu beli kunye nobudlelwane enabo nenja. Ayinamsebenzi ukuba ayinike umvuzo ofanayo, inja iya kuziqhelanisa nemeko leyo, kwaye iya kuziphatha ngokwahlukileyo kwilungu ngalinye leqela elikuyo. Kwaye mhlawumbi nokuba bonke bakunika amabhaso afanayo kunye nemivuzo, ubudlelwane bakho nabo buya kwahluka kubo bonke, njengoko benditshilo ngaphambili, kuxhomekeke kubuntu bomntu ngamnye kunye nokudibana ngokweemvakalelo abanakho nenja.
Ekugqibeleni, umzekelo uFred asinika wona unesiphene ayihoyi ngokupheleleyo i-psychology yesilwanyana, kwaye ijolise ngqo kwinkalo enye yokunxibelelana kwenja yomntu, inika ingxelo egqwethekileyo yemeko, apho athabatha khona izigqibo ezingxamisekileyo ezingafumani ndawo. Andazi nyani ukuba kanjani umntu Ngerekhodi lakhe lezemfundo angatsho ubuqhetseba obunjaloNgaphandle kokuba unomdla wokukutsho.
Ukuphela
Kuyamangalisa ukuba, ngamanye amaxesha, sifunda iintlobo ezithile zamanqaku, sichaza zonke iintlobo zeethiyori kunye nezifundo, ekulula ukuzibuza, emva kokuzifunda, yintoni ubungqongqo besayensi kwaye yeyiphi injongo abayisebenzisayo, kwaye amaxesha amaninzi kufuneka sisebenzise UCui Bono, ukwazi apho bavela khona kwaye ngubani onomdla. Kuya kufuneka ufunde inqaku likaGqirha Metzger ukuze uliqonde. Apha ndiyishiya ...Ukubuza umbuzo: Ngaba inja yam iyandithanda ngokwenene?
Ngaphandle kokuqhubeka, ndikushiya kude kube linqaku elilandelayo. Yonwaba kwaye unakekele izinja zakho.