Ukunikezwa kwemithi kuyinto ebucayi futhi ebucayi okufanele ilawulwe ngungoti nasesimweni sezilwane akuhlukile. Izikhathi eziningi umuntu uwela ephutheni lokuzelapha, noma kunjalo lo mkhuba kufanele uqedwe futhi ukusetshenziswa kwezindlela zokwelashwa akumele kubukelwe phansi.
Inkinga yama-parasites ezilwaneni ezifuywayo njengezinja namakati kumele ilawulwe ngaphandle kobudedengu. Ukungayinaki le nkinga kunemiphumela emibi kuzilwane nakubaninizo. Omunye wabalingani abaphumelela kakhulu ekulweni nama-parasites yi-milbemax Futhi kubaluleke kakhulu ukwazi ububanzi balo muthi.
Imininingwane eyisisekelo
Umqondo omuhle ukuhambisana nemithetho yezokwelapha futhi uzazise ngendlela enembe kakhulu. IMilbemax umuthi ovela kumalabhorethri eNovartis Sanidad Animal SL, okuyi iqukethe into esebenzayo elwa namagciwane eyaziwa ngokuthi i-milbemycin oxime. Le nhlanganisela ingeyeqembu lama-macrocyclic lactones, ahlukaniswe nokuvutshelwa kwe- I-Streptomyces hygroscopicus var Aureolacrimosus y isetshenziselwa ukulwa nezimuncagazi zangaphakathi zezinja namakati. Amagciwane ahlaselayo izibungu emathunjini nematode.
IMilbemax isebenza njenge-anthelmintic, okungukuthi, ihlasela ukutheleleka kwe-helminth noma i-worm. Isenzo sayo siyashesha futhi siqondile, kungaba ngoba siyabasusa noma ngoba sibenza bashiye umzimba, ngaleyo ndlela banciphise umthwalo wamagciwane ngaphandle kokushiya izinkinga.
Izici zemithi ye-milbemax ziyasebenza ukulwa nezibungu esigabeni sesibungu nesivuthiwe sama-nematode. Kuyasebenza futhi esigabeni sesibungu se- I-Dirofilaria immitis, uhlobo lwe-parasite olufakwe ezinjeni nakanjani.
Isigaba sokuzala senzeka emithanjeni ye-pulmonary nakwi-ventricle yangakwesokudla yenhliziyo yenja. Lo gciwane ungaphila iminyaka eminingi futhi ubangele i-canine heartworm, isifo esibi kakhulu sezinja.
Indlela iMilbemax esebenza ngayo ukudala ukuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali ku-metabolism komzimba wesilwane esithintekile. Izikelemu ziyazwela kulezi zinguquko ngoba indawo enobutha idalelwe izimuncagazi. Lezi zinguquko, ngokwesibonelo, ukuvinjelwa kwe-mitochondrial fumarate reductase, kunciphisa ukuthuthwa kwe-glucose noma kuqoqe i-phosphorylation ye-oxidative.
Umsebenzi walesi sidakamizwa ku-neurotransmission yama-invertebrate, i-milbemycin oxime, efanayo ne-avermectins namanye ama-milbemycins, kwandisa ukutholakala kolwelwesi lwama-nematode nezinambuzane kuma-chloride ions, ngokusebenzisa iziteshi ze-chloride ion, elawulwa yi-glutamate (ehlobene ne-GABA kanye ne-glycine receptors kuma-vertebrate).
Lokhu kubangela i-hyperpolarization ye-membrane ye-neuromuscular. ngokukhubazeka kwe-flaccid nokufa okwalandela kwama-parasites. IPraziquantel isuselwa ku-acyl se-pyrazino-isoquinoline.
I-Praziquantel isebenza ngokumelene nama-cestode nama-trematode, kusukela iguqula ukutholakala kwezinambuzane zezinambuzane zibe yi-calcium (Ca2 + ukugcwala) okufaka ukungalingani ezinhlakeni ze-membrane futhi kuholele ekuqothulweni kolwelwesi kanye nokusikwa okucishe kube khona ngokushesha komsipha (i-tetany), ukukhishwa ngokushesha kokuphikisana kokuvumelanisa kanye nokwahlukaniswa okulandelayo okulandelayo ukuxoshwa kwe-parasite emgodleni wamathumbu noma ekufeni kwayo.
Izinkomba nomthamo
Ukwelashwa nge-milbemax Kuboniswa ezinjeni ezinezifo ezixubekile ezine-cestode, nama-nematode (I-Ancylostoma caninum, I-Toxocara canis, I-Toxascaris Leonina, I-Trichuris vulpis, I-Crenosoma vulpis). Kamuva, izinga lokutheleleka liyancipha. Lo muthi ungasetshenziswa futhi ekuvimbeleni i-Dirofilaria immitis.
Umthamo wama-antiparasitics uncike emithethweni yezwe ngalinye. Kunezincomo ezithile zomthamo we-milbemycin oxime okhishwe ngabakhiqizi, obhalwe ezincwadini zesayensi.
Umuthi Imvamisa isetshenziswa ezinjeni ezinesisindo esingaphansi kwamakhilo amahlanu nangaphansi kuphela ukubhekwa okuqinile kwezilwane. Kufanele uhlale ufunda ilebula ngoba kunokuhlukahluka kuye ngezwe.
- Izinja ezisuka ku-0,5 kuye ku-1 kg we-bw: 1/2 ithebhulethi izinja ezincane.
- Izinja ezinobunzima obungaphezu kuka-1 kuya ku-5 kg we-bw: 1 ithebhulethi yezinja ezincane.
- Izinja ezinama-kg angaphezu kuka-5 kuya ku-10 we-bw: amaphilisi ama-2 ezinja ezincane.
- Izinja ezinesisindo esingaphezu kuka-5 kuye ku-20 we-bw: 1 tablet tablet.
- Izinja ezinesisindo esingaphezu kwama-25 kuye kwangama-50 we-bw: amaphilisi ezinja ama-2.
- Izinja ezinesisindo esingaphezu kwama-50 kuye kwangama-75 we-bw: amaphilisi ezinja ama-3.
Umkhiqizo akufanele neze usetshenziselwe izinja emakati kanye nakwezinye izilwane, noma ezilwaneni ezinkulu ezilwaneni ezincane. Kunezinhlobo zezinja ezingakubekezeleli kahle i-milbemycin oxime kahle noma amanye ama-lactone ama-macrocyclic afana ne-doramectin, ivermectin, moxidectin, selamectin, emodepside, noma eminye imishanguzo engeyona eye-antiparasitic.
Ngemithamo ephakeme kunaleyo enconyiwe ingabonisa izinkinga zokubekezelelana ezingathi sína kakhulu. Yingakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthi umthamo kufanele wenziwe ngokunembile ngangokunokwenzeka.
Amacala lapho ukunakwa okukhethekile okufanele kukhokhwe kuma-Collies kanye nezinhlobo ezilandelayo, okuguqukayo (kuhlobo lwe-MDR-1) okuthinta isithiyo segazi nobuchopho esivimbela imishanguzo ethile ukuthi ingangeni ebuchosheni besilwane esincelisayo.
Ngaphezu kukaCollies, ezinye izinhlobo nazo zikhombise izinkinga ezifanayo, njengeBobtail, Border Collie, Bearded Collie, McNab, Silken Greyhound, Whippet Greyhound, Australian Shepherd, White Swiss Shepherd, English Shepherd, Shetland Shepherd, Wäller, yize ukuguquka kwezinguquko Iphutha alikakaqinisekiswa kuzo zonke lezi zinhlobo.
Isebenzisa iMilbemax kufanele ilandele ukwenziwa kwezindlela zokuxilonga ezifanele zezifo ezixubekile ngama-nematode no-ceizitodo, kubhekwa umlando nezimpawu zesilwane, njengobudala, impilo, imvelo (izinja ezivalelwe ikheji, izinja ezizingelayo), ukudla (ukufinyelela inyama eluhlaza), indawo kanye nokunyakaza.
Isinqumo sokuphatha lo mkhiqizo ezinjeni ezisengozini yokutheleleka ngokuxubekile noma ezimeni ezithile zobungozi kufanele senziwe ngudokotela wezilwane ophethe. Izimpawu zomtholampilo ezinjeni zikaCollie ziyefana nalezo ezibonakala kubantu abaningi bezinja ezeqise ngokweqile.
Ukwelapha izinja ngenani eliphakeme lama-microfilariae parasites kungaholela ekwandeni kwe-hypersensitivity ezifana nolwelwesi lwamafinyila oluphaphathekile, ukuhlanza, ukundindizela, ukuphefumula okuncane, noma amathe amaningi. Lokhu kusabela kuhlotshaniswa nokukhishwa kwamaprotheni kusuka ku-microfilariae efile noma efayo, futhi akuwona umphumela onobuthi oqondile womuthi.
Azikho izifundo ezaziwayo ezinjeni ezibuthakathaka kakhulu noma kubantu abanezinso ezilimele noma isibindi, ngoba i-milbemax ayinconywa kulezi zilwane ngaphandle kokuthi kube nokuhlolwa kochwepheshe.