La myasthenia gravis yisifo se-neuromuscular esithinta inja. Ngenhlanhla, akuvamile kodwa kusabalulekile ukwazi ukuthi kubangelwa yini, yiziphi izimpawu nokwelashwa okuboniswa ngudokotela wezilwane.
Njengesici esiyinhloko salesi sifo sithola ubuthakathaka emisipheni kuwo wonke umzimba wenja, kunokwelashwa okuyizindaba ezimnandi, kepha, ukubikezelwa kungenye into futhi lokhu kuzoya esimweni ngasinye kuzoba nezinja ezikwazi ukululama nezinye ezingeke zigijime ngokufana okufanayo.
Yini i-myasthenia gravis?
Ochwepheshe bathi lesi sifo sizibonakalisa lapho kunokushoda kwama-acetylcholine receptors, lesi sakamuva siyimolekyuli enomsebenzi we-neurotransmitter ekhiqizwa kuma-neuron ayingxenye ebalulekile yohlelo lwezinzwa. Lezi zibhekene nokudlulisa umfutho wezinzwa.
Ama-receptors atholakala ikakhulukazi emaphethelweni we-neuromuscular of the peripheral and central nervous system. Ukuyiqonda kangcono, lapho inja inyakazisa noma imuphi umsipha emzimbeni, a ukukhishwa kwe-acetylcholine okuzodluliselwa ngayo i-oda lokuhamba, ngenxa yabamukeli balo.
Ngenxa yalokho, uma kungenele lawa ma-receptors noma engasebenzi kahle, ukuhamba kwemisipha ngeke kwenzeke noma kuzokwenza ngokungahambi kahle. Kungaleso sikhathi lapho myasthenia gravis, okuyinto Inokubonakaliswa okuhlukile esizokwenza imininingwane ngezansi.
Lesi sifo sithinta kuphela imisipha eyenza umsebenzi wokugwinya ukudla. I- i-myasthenia gravis ezelwe, okuvame kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezinjenge- I-Springer spaniel noma iJack Russell, nayo iyifa.
Khona-ke kukhona Kutholwe i-myasthenia gravis, evame ukulamula ngokuzivikela ezifweni ezifana nomalusi waseJalimane, iGolden retriever, iDachshund, ILabrador Retriever kanye ne-Scottish terrier, okungesona isithiyo sokuthi ingaziveza kwezinye izinhlobo.
Uma sikhuluma nge-immune-mediated, sibhekisa ku- ukuhlaselwa nokubhujiswa kwama-antibody enja ngokumelene nama-receptors abo e-acetylcholine, isimo esingenzeka ngeminyaka emibili yobudala, owokuqala osuka onyakeni wokuqala kuye kowe-1 bese owesibili ususele eminyakeni eyi-4 kuye kwayi-9.
Yiziphi izimpawu?
Kunobuthakathaka obujwayelekile bemisipha obujwayele ukuqiniswa ukuvivinya umzimba. Kuyabonakala kakhulu emilenzeni yangemuva kwazise lapho uzama ukuvuka noma ukuhamba kuyoletha ubunzima obukhulu futhi iyoze idumbe.
Uma myasthenia gravis igxile kakhulu, inkinga izotholakala ekugwinyweni lapho inja izobona khona ukusebenza kwemisipha eyenza ibe lula. Lokhu izovimbela inja ekugwinyeni ukudla okuqinile ngoba i-esophagus izoba nkulu futhi ivuleke. Lapho inja izama ukugwinya ukudla, ingagcina isemaphashini ngohlelo lokuphefumula, ibangele i-aspiration pneumonia.
Izindlela zokwelapha
Into yokuqala okufanele uyenze ukuya kudokotela wezilwane nganoma yiziphi izimpawu ezikwenza usole ukuthi inja yakho inalesi sifo. Ngalokho uchwepheshe uzosebenzisa ukuhlaziywa okudingekayo nokuhlola evumela ukukhomba isifo sezinzwa. Eqinisweni kunezivivinyo eziningi zokuthola ukuxilongwa okuqondile.
Ngemuva kwalokho, isigaba sokwelashwa sizokwenziwa, esiqukethe ukuphathwa kwezidakamizwa ezisiza ukukhuphula amazinga e-acetylcholine kuma-receptors futhi ngale ndlela kuthuthukiswe kakhulu ubuthakathaka emisipheni, okuyikho okuvelele kulesi sifo izinja.
Ukuze unikeze ukwelashwa ku-canine, udokotela wezilwane uzokhombisa izinketho nokuthi yikuphi okulula kakhulu. Ikona futhi inganikezwa ngokusebenzisa imijovo noma ngomlomo. Umthamo onconyiwe uzoncika ekusebenzeni komngane wethu othembekile futhi lokhu kufanele kulawulwe ngokuqinile futhi kulandelwe nguchwepheshe. Kunezimo lapho ukwelashwa kuzoba okwesikhashana kuphela, kanti kwamanye ama-canines kungokwempilo.
Into ebalulekile ngokulawulwa kwezilwane ukuthi i-megaesophagus ejwayelekile ye-focal myasthenia gravis izokwazi ukulawulwa noma ukwelashwa. Umnakekeli wesilwane kufanele anakekele lapho sondla okunconyelwa ukuthi icishe ibe uketshezi noma ngokuphelele, isitsha esinokudla kufanele sibekwe phezulu futhi uma kuvela izinkinga ezithile zokuphefumula kufanele ziyiswe kudokotela wezilwane ngokushesha.
Lesi sifo kungenzeka sihambisana ne-canine hypothyroidism, noma kunjalo, lesi samuva singelashwa ngamahomoni ngaphandle kwenkinga. Esinye isifo esihlotshaniswa ne-canine myasthenia gravis yisigaxa se-thymus, lena indlala ehambisana nohlelo lwe-lymphatic yenja. Isixazululo ukuhlinzwa futhi ngenhlanhla izinga lezehlakalo liphansi kakhulu.
Siyelapheka yini lesi sifo?
Lapho itholwa ngesikhathi, ngokuxilongwa okunembile nangokusebenzisa ukwelashwa, ukubikezelwa kokululama kuhle. Kodwa-ke, kunesici esithonya futhi leyo impendulo yenja ekwelashweni.
Ezimweni eziningi ukululama kuqediwe noma ngabe sikhuluma nge-focal myasthenia gravis lapho kungenzeka khona nge-100% ukwenza inja igwinye ngokujwayelekile. Ngokuqondene ne-megaesophagus, kunezimo lapho kuhilela khona izinkinga eziholela ekubikezelweni okugodliwe, noma ngabe i-specimen ingaphansi kokwelashwa, ingaletha izinkinga ezibhebhethekisa izimpawu.
Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kungasindisa inja izinkinga eziningi zezempilo kanye nezinkinga, ngalo mqondo futhi njengoba wazi okuthe xaxa ngalesi sifo kubalulekile ukuthi uma kunezimpawu zalokhu noma esinye isifo noma okungajwayelekile ungene kuso thintana nodokotela wezilwane.
Lapho unaka kakhulu indlela inja eziphatha ngayo, uzothola ngokushesha okukhulu noma yiziphi izimpawu eziyisixwayiso. Ngokufanayo, uchwepheshe wezifo ze-canine nayo yonke imininingwane ongayinikeza kanye nezimpawu ezivezwa yisilwane, kuzoba lula ukwenza ukuxilongwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kokwelashwa ngokuya ngecala. Ngakho-ke ungesabi lesi sifo bese usimisa ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.