ILeismaniasis yisifo esiya ngokuya saziwa kakhulu futhi esinezigameko eziphakeme ezindaweni ezithile zejografi yethu. Lokhu kunjalo ngoba lesi sifo sidluliswa yizinambuzane ezimunca igazi, ezidlula Leishmania donovani enjeni. Inkinga ukuthi yisifo esisakazeka kalula, ngakho-ke kunzima ukusilawula, futhi singabulala noma sibulale inja kakhulu.
Kwesinye isikhathi i ILysmaniasis ayinazo noma inezimpawu ezithile kuphela. Njengezinye izifo, ukuxilongwa okufika ngesikhathi kungasiza inja yethu kakhulu futhi ukuvakashela kudokotela wezilwane kuzophoqeleka ukwazi isimo senja nokwelashwa kwayo okungenzeka. Kepha okokuqala, njengabanikazi, kufanele sifunde ukubona izimpawu kanye nokugula okungenzeka.
Yini i-leismaniasis
ICanine leismaniosis noma i-canine leishmaniasis yisifo esaziwa nangokuthi isifo somiyane. Yisifo esiyisidlakudla esidala iprotozoan encane kakhulu ephethwe umiyane ngqo. Yingakho kungebona bonke omiyane abadlulisa lesi sifo, kodwa kungashiwo ukuthi kunezindawo lapho kungasakazeka khona kalula. Yisifo esingahlasela izinja kepha nabantu uma zilunywa umiyane. Kunezindawo lapho kwenzeka khona amacala amaningi, ngoba kukhona omiyane abaningi abaphatha i-protozoan. Lezi yizindawo zeMedithera, iHuelva nendawo emaphakathi yeNhlonhlo. Lokhu akusho ukuthi kwezinye izindawo le nkinga ayikho, kuphela ukuthi ayijwayelekile.
Izimpawu zesifo
Yize zikhona izinja ezingakhombisi zimpawu noma ezikhombisa ezinye kuphela, kunezimpawu ezijwayelekile kulesi sifo. I- izinkinga zesikhumba nge-dermatitis eyomile nge izinwele eziseduze kwamehlo, izindlebe, namakhala enja yizimpawu ezivelele kakhulu zalesi sifo. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kanye nokuqhubekela phambili kwesifo, inja yehlisa isisindo, okungasongela impilo, ngoba nezinkinga zezinso nazo zihlala zikhona. Ngakho-ke, ukuxilongwa kwayo kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ukuhlinzeka ngemithi yokwelapha esiza inja.
Kunezinye izimpawu ezingabhekelwa ukuqaphela lesi sifo. Ama-lymph node angakhuliswa. Zingabuye zethulwe izinkinga zamehlo ezifana ne-conjunctivitis noma i-blepharitis. Kungaba nomonakalo ebuchosheni nasesibindi sobukhulu obuhlukahlukene. Kwabaningi kukhona ukwehla kwesisindo kanye nokuqina kwemisipha. Kodwa-ke, ukufinyelela esiphethweni, kuzodingeka kwenziwe izivivinyo ukukhipha ezinye izifo ezingaba khona.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-leysmaniasis
Uchwepheshe wezilwane okufanele enze ukuxilongwa okufanelekile ecabangela izimpawu zenja angazazisa kanye nalezo esizichazayo. Ukuxilongwa kufanele kwenziwe ngemuva izifundo ze-serological, parasitological kanye ne-molecular. Ukufinyelela ekuxilongweni kuphela ngokubheka isimo senja kungenzeka, ngoba iphesenti eliphezulu lezinja alinazimpawu. Okuvame kakhulu ukunquma i-leishmaniasis ukuhlolwa kwe-immunofluorescence, ukuhlolwa kwe-serological okungenye yezinto ezisetshenziswa kakhulu. Izicubu noma ama-node smears, umchamo noma ukuhlolwa kwegazi nakho kungenziwa.
Ukwelashwa kwalesi sifo
Eminyakeni eyedlule, lapho kutholakala ukuthi lesi sifo, i-euthanasia yayinconywa njalo inja. Lokhu kwenziwa ngoba alukho umuthi obulala ngokuphelele iprotozoan edlulisiwe. Kodwa-ke, njengamanje lesi sifo sesilawulwa kakhulu futhi sesitholakele ukunciphisa izimpawu ngisho nokudluliswa kwe-leysmaniasis ngemithi efanele. Ngenxa yale ntuthuko akusadingeki ukuqeda impilo yenja, ngoba ingaphila impilo ejwayelekile futhi ingabi yingozi kwezinye izilwane endaweni.
Ezokwelapha zamanje, bavame ukuxuba imithi eminingana ngasikhathi sinye. I-Antimony, i-aminosidine, i-allopurinol, noma i-pentamidine isetshenziswa kakhulu. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-antimony kunconywa kakhulu ezinjeni ezingabonakali, futhi imiphumela yayo emibi ivame ukubuyiselwa emuva. Uchwepheshe wezilwane okuthi, ngokuya ngenqubekela phambili nesimo sesifo, asungule ukwelashwa okungcono kakhulu.
Kubalulekile ukuzama ukunakekela isikhumba senja ngaso sonke isikhathi, ukuhlinzeka nge-hydration. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kufanele ukhethe okuhle okuphakelayo kwekhwalithi ephezulu nokuphakelayo, ngoba lesi sifo sivame ukudala ukuncipha. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuhlola okuvamile kudokotela wezilwane kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi umzimba wenja kanye nesifo kuguquka kanjani. Njalo kufanele wenze izivivinyo ukuze wazi ukuthi inja inezinkinga zezinso, i-anemia noma ukungondleki.
Ukuvimbela kuhlala kungcono kakhulu
Inkinga yezifo ezinjenge-leismaniasis ukuthi lapho zingenwe yizinja, akusekho ukwelashwa, kepha zinganikezwa imishanguzo yokunciphisa izimpawu nokugwema ukutheleleka okuqhubekayo nezinkinga. Kungakho kulezi zimo njalo Kunconywa ukuvimbela, njengoba kuyindlela engcono yokuqinisekisa ukuthi izinja zihlala ziphilile. Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi sisendaweni lapho kunamaphesenti aphezulu noma aphansi, ngoba uma kwenzeka kuyindawo evamile, kufanele kuthathwe izinyathelo zokuqapha ngokweqile.
Ngokuvamile, okwenziwa kakhulu ukugwema izindawo lapho kungahle kube khona omiyane abaningi. Ngesikhathi sehlobo kulapho kuba khona ubungozi obukhulu. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izindawo lapho kunamanzi amile noma izindawo zemifula lapho kunenqwaba yomiyane kufanele zigwenywe. Ngeke sazi ukuthi lezi zimiyane zingayithelela yini inja noma cha, ngakho-ke uma sigwema lezi zindawo sizokwehlisa amathuba okusabalala. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma sihlala endaweni lapho kunomiyane abaningi, kunjalo kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa iziphikisi ezithile izinja, ukuthi azikwazi ukubalimaza uma zikhotha isikhumba sabo. Kukhona namakhola asiza ukuvimbela omiyane ekubalungeni, okungasiza kakhulu kulezi zindawo.